Reports Archive:
Research & Analysis
A comprehensive collection of technical reports, security analyses, and in-depth research. Exploring the depths of digital security with a critical lens.
Sort:
Surveillance Policy & Regulation28 min read
How Iran’s National Information Network Works
With the internet in Iran shut down by the government of the Islamic Republic in January 2026, a familiar question resurfaced: Is the country becoming North Korea?
Read Report
Surveillance Policy & Regulation24 min read
Policymaking and Institutional Mapping of Surveillance and Interception of Citizens under the Islamic Republic of Iran
How Centralized Authentication, Infrastructure Level Monitoring and Interception, Spyware Operations, and Street Level Surveillance Have Converged into a Unified System for Controlling, Suppressing, and Intercepting Citizens
Read Report
Technology Supply Chains28 min read
Jamming in Iran: The Business of Disruption and the Defense Contractor Network
Examining the Role of Ofogh Saberin Co in Iranian Ministry of Defense Jamming Projects and the Export of Digital Repression Technologies
Read Report
Destructive Cyber Operations6 min read
Charming Kitten (APT35) Modular Windows Trojan
Persistent Access and Covert Command and Control within the Islamic Republic of Iran’s Surveillance and Interception Architecture
Read Report
Destructive Cyber Operations4 min read
RAT-2Ac2: A Report on a State-Aligned Remote Access Tool
Examining the Organizational Logic, Operational Architecture, and the Role of a Modular RAT in Charming Kitten’s Covert Digital Surveillance
Read Report
Destructive Cyber Operations10 min read
Say Cheeeese!
An Android spyware called Aks-e Yadegari (Souvenir Photo) is spreading through Telegram, targeting Iranian cryptocurrency exchanges.
Read Report
Digital Censorship & Repression5 min read
Tiered Internet in the Islamic Republic
Digital Discrimination Under Official Silence
Read Report
Street Surveillance Technology8 min read
Iran’s Hybrid Surveillance Model
How the Islamic Republic Tracks Its Citizens, With Chinese Inspiration
Read Report
Surveillance Policy & Regulation11 min read
The Hijab Law and Smart Repression of Iranians
Authoritarian Power and Religious Ideology in Strategies of Surveillance and Identity Verification
Read Report
Surveillance Policy & Regulation25 min read
Oversight System in Cyberspace
The Islamic Republic’s Expanding Surveillance and Spying Infrastructure over Citizens’ Digital Lives
Read Report